Citation paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Citation paper - Essay Example Streets of South Bronx, New York in the 1970s. This is a time in the American history when racism was still a force to reckon with. It was initially popular with the African-American youth with whom it was identified. Evidently, the term hip hop was coined by Keith Cowboy, a popular figure associated with Furious Five and Grandmaster Flash. After its invention, hip hop music became so popular especially due to the throwing of block parties which had become a prominent phenomenon at the time. Later, it transformed from a mere music genre into a culture. This cultural movement was mainly popular with the black youth who were still relying on it for changing the societal political, linguistic and artistic thought. Today, it is not restricted to the African-Americans only. Instead, it has become an accommodative culture that cuts across the divide. In fact, it is used by people from diverse racial, ethnic and religious backgrounds to combat crime and advocate for harmony in their midst. The article stresses that hip hop is a very important culture in the society. It has a lot of contributions to make not only to the youth, but to the entire society. First, it has been used to empower the youth. As a commercial activity, hip hop has been used by the youth to help them to improve their communication skills and creativity. Meaning, it instills critical life skills into them. These include discipline and hard work. For instance, as artists, they need to come up with strategies to appeal to their fans and satisfy their diverse needs. Besides, hip hop culture has been of much benefit to the society since it used to fight the numerous challenges facing different people in the society. just like it was done during its earlier stages, hip hop has helped in advocating for change. Therefore, it has been used by the youth to fight for the availability of shelter, education, job

Responding to GASB Requests for Public Comment Essay

Responding to GASB Requests for Public Comment - Essay Example Therefore, it is greatly relevant to release the exposure drafts for public commentary before they get implemented by the government. The major benefit of exposure drafts is primarily to improve financial reporting by state of local government pension plans. This would help improve the effectiveness of the obtainable principles of accounting and fiscal reporting for drafted pensions. When the public are aware of these drafts, it opens a wide room for recommendations for them, thus providing the concerned bodies such as the local government and the respective institutions to make appropriate decisions regarding all the citizens’ opinions (GASB, 2011). This further encourages transparency between the government and the citizens of a nation and its citizens. The benefits of exposure drafts exist in the inter-period equity and the supporting statements of accountability which is highly essential to the government as it facilitates easy cooperation for the implementation of the rel evant policies concerning employees for a particular country (GASB, 2011). This would ease the intensity with which different employees are to be paid considering various logistics involved in the decisions made. Through these measures, new and effective accounting and financial reporting standards would emerge. ... Critical elements of the exposure draft The critical elements of the exposure draft are the key parts of the draft that needs to be looked at by the citizens, especially when they are giving their views and observations. This will help the financial and accounting board in implementing the new standards effectively. First, a defined benefit pension plan should present a statement of a plan net position which includes various information about plan assets, liabilities, deferred outflows and inflows of resources and the net position are considered as per end of the reporting duration (GASB, 2011). The benefit pension plan should also contain a statement of changes in a plan net position that incorporates information such as additions to, deductions from and the net increase or decrease in plan position of the net during that period. The defined pension plan schedule should also be able to show the measurement of the net pension liability of employees. The net pension liability of the e mployee is determined as the total pension liability of the employer measured in conformity to total pension liability, timing and frequency of the measurement, assumptions on selection, project of benefit payments and ac considerate discount rate. When all these aspects are collectively considered then it becomes effective to understand and interpret the financial information presented. Consequently there should an element of the effective date and transition which is effective for financial statements for periods commencing next year thus the plan should encompass a single employer pension plan, plan net pension as per the first fiscal year reporting (GASB, 2011). Therefore, it is should be noted by the board that effective dates address the user’s needs considering the information

The Benefits of Healthy Eating Essay Example for Free

The Benefits of Healthy Eating Essay Food is the key to life. We need food for the basics of everyday life to pump blood, move our body, and think thoughts. We can eat to live well, live longer, and extend the quality of life. Eating is one of life’s greatest pleasures. It is also a powerful way to enhance or impair your health. Most of us are aware that food choices are important to health; very few people truly realize that foods can promote health. Western medicine is so focused on treating disease that prevention is often ignored. Part of disease prevention is making sure you are eating foods that are healthy and nutrient dense. To function to the best of our body’s ability it requires balance and harmony. The best place to start is with healthy eating. The benefits of healthy eating are exceptional and there are many far- reaching health advantages and gains that cannot be overlooked. Healthy eating practices are important in shaping lifelong behaviors, as well as affecting ones’ health and wellness. Harvard School of Public Health challenges us all to follow a healthy foods diet to see how it can make a positive impact on your health. Vegetables and fruits are clearly an important part of a good diet. Most everyone can benefit from eating ore of them, but variety is as important as quantity. No single fruit or vegetable provides all the nutrients you need to be healthy. The key lies in the variety of different vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteins that you eat daily(Vegetables And Fruits: Get Plenty Everyday,  ). Everyone from a small child to a mature adult requires a healthy eating habit to be physically in peak form. The food you eat can influence how you feel and how you look they can affect your health. The health benefits associated with healthy eating include maintain a healthy body weight, lower blood pressure, ower cholesterol, healthy blood sugar levels, and a decreased risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. These health benefits will also allow you to have more energy, think more clearly, and have an improved quality of life. Your body runs on fuel in the form of food, and if the fuel you put in your body is not high grade, you should not expect your body to give you peak performance. To keep your body running to the best of its ability, it is up to you to feed it healthy foods (Covelli, 2011). As noted in the book Eating Well For Optimum Health Weil, 2000, p5), â€Å" healthy eating is the cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle. † Hippocrates advised people to â€Å"let food be your medicine and medicine be your food. † Healthy eating is not just about extendin g life but about extending the quality of life. It is probably the easiest and most important way in which you can keep active and shield yourself from the many diseases that have become more common, as we grow older. By eating healthy you will boost your energy levels, improve your bodily functions, help to improve your immune system, get better sleep, and even have more radiant skin. Who does not want to feel more energetic and lively? You will be able to manage more tasks and more importantly, you will live life to the fullest. I do not know about you but having radiant skin sounds wonderful, instead of having gross cellulite. What you put on your plate, day after day, will play a major role, along with your genes, in determining whether you will live a long healthy life or succumb to a heart attack, a stroke, type 2 diabetes, or cancer. If you look closely at all diseases, one thing pops out at you; they are all reversible. In addition to supplying the basic needs of the body for calories and utrition, a healthy diet should also reduce risks of disease and fortify the body’s defenses and intrinsic mechanisms of healing. Even small changes in your eating habits can make a big difference in your body and the way you feel. A healthy diet leads to a better performance of the body and mind. What you put into your body not only affects your physical well being, but also can impact your psychological well-being. Foods influence mood and contribute to both positive and negative feelings. Therefore, making healthy good choices can contribute to a variety of improvements to your mental and sychological well-being. Eating a healthy, well balanced diet has been shown to impact a number of mental health conditions positively. It can help reduce the negative symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, reduce depression symptoms, reduce anxiety, and reduce chances of bi polar episodes. The typical â€Å"Western† diet that is high in sugar, processed foods, and alcohol tends to aggravate these disorders. According to Andrew Weil, MD (2012), many studies link specific nutrient deficiencies to suboptimal brain function and mental / emotional health. The most important by far is the lack of omega-3 fatty cids. These special fats are critically important for mental health. The body needs regular daily intake of adequate amounts of both EPA and DHA, two long chain omega-3 fats. Low levels of DHA might increase the chances of developing dementia. The lack of vital nutrients in our diet can be responsible for exacerbating the symptoms of some pre existing mental health conditions. Keeping your brain sharp and functioning at its best can make you feel better about your abilities as you age and will help you remain active, which can also help reduce your chances of experiencing depression. Following a healthy ating regime leads to engaging in a lifestyle that is fulfi lling, beneficial, and might possibly offset the desire to change any other harmful habits. Our bodies and our minds are connected. Stress can take a toll on our physical health. By understanding that unhealthy eating causes more stress on our bodies and how that impacts our health, we can begin to take steps to laying the foundation for complete health by changing our eating from unhealthy to healthy. It is important to know how eating healthy and unhealthy foods affects your body. The brain is one of the most important organs in the body to keep well ed, and a healthful diet is essential to keep it running at full capacity. Your brain cells require twice as much chemical energy from your diet as any other cell in your body. When you are eating unhealthy it hinders brain function and causes reduced self-esteem, stress, foggy thinking, mood swings, and confusion. If you are not eating nutrient rich foods most of the time, your brain cannot produce substances required to maintain a healthy mood. The foods you eat can have an immediate impact on your mood. Certain foods trigger neurotransmitters in the brain that can reduce stress and promote calmness. Eating foods high in vitamin D, serotonin, folate, B3, and B12 are excellent for your emotional well being. When you are feeling emotionally well you are also able to handle stress in a positive manner. Choosing foods healthy and nutritious can give you a sense of control and allow you to feel proud of yourself. These increases in positive feelings for yourself and improvements in your appearance can result in your overall self esteem. The foods you eat now can result in good or bad health in the future. As Dr. Gillian McKeith (2006), has said many times in her book and on her television show â€Å"You Are What You Eat†. Healthy eating simply means having foods that aid in the growth of the body, improve many functions, provide protection from diseases, and help in building a strong immune system. To eat healthy is much easier than you think. Taking small simple steps that together add up to a huge leap forward in your health. Diet has a special significance among lifestyle factors in that people have total control over it. Being able to function better is something that everyone wants to see happen in their bodies. You are only as healthy as the natural world in which you live. The gains from ealthy eating are tremendous and more than worth it. So go ahead follow a diet full of healthy foods and see how it can make a positive impact on your health and life. References Covelli, G. (2011). How Eating Healthy amp; Unhealthy Foods Affect Your Body. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/41294-eating-unhealthy-foods-affects/ McKeith, Dr. G. (2006). You Are What You Eat Vegetables and Fruits: Get Plenty Everyday. (). Retrieved from http://www. hsph. harvard. edu/nutritionsource/vegetables-full-story/#bottom_line Weil, MD, A. (2000). Eating Well For Optimum Health Weil, MD, A. (2012). Spontaneous Happiness

leadership and management :: essays research papers

The Functions of management Henri Fayol – first person to come up with a list of functions or elements of management †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Planning – setting objectives and also strategies, policies, programmes and procedures for achieving them. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organising – managers set tasks which need to be preformed if the business wants to achieve its objectives. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Commanding – this involves giving instructions to subordinates to carry out tasks. The manager has the authority to make decisions. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Co-ordinating – this is the bringing together of the activities of people within the business. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Controlling – managers measure and correct the activities of individuals and groups, to make sure that their performance fits in with plans. The management process Peter Drucker – grouped the operations of management into five categories †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Setting objectives for the organisation †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Job measurement – assessing whether the business has met its objectives †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organising the work †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Motivating employees †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Developing people – the management should bring out the best in people Four styles of management Autocratic – orders come form the top, and no leeway is allowed Democratic – less centralised, give space for initiative Laissez faire – arises from over worked or lazy management, staff is left to their own devices Paternalistic – decision making is still centralised but a noticeable attention and care for staff McGregor’s Theory X & Y Douglas McGregor undertook a survey of managers in the USA and identified two styles of management, which he called Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X managers tend to distrust their subordinates; they believe employees do not enjoy their work and that need to be controlled. Theory X is about the views managers have on their workforce. Theory Y managers believe that employees do enjoy their work and they want to contribute ideas and effort. Theory Y manager is more likely to involve employees in decisions Why do leader adopt different styles? Fiedler – argued that ‘it is easier to change someone’s role or power, or to modify the job he has to do, than to change his leadership style’. He found that it is difficult for people to change their leadership styles – an autocrat will always lead in n autocratic style. Fiedler suggested that a business should attempt what he called leadership match – to find a leader to fit the situation. Leader can either be task orientated or relationship orientated Hersey and Blanchard – argued that a leader’s strategy should not only take account of the situation, but also the maturity of those who are led. A leader will have task behaviour or relationship behaviour.

Safe as houses?

Hey kids, I'm Gavin and I want to talk to you today about safety around the house. How many of you here have younger brothers or sisters? [Response] Over half of you, that's quite a lot. I'll bet they get quite annoying sometimes, don't they? I wouldn't know because I am the younger brother. Even though they do get quite annoying sometimes, I'm sure that deep down inside, you really do love your younger brothers and sisters, and that you would never want anything bad happening to them. This is why it is important to keep them save and out of trouble. How many of you here don't have a helper? [Response] Well, that's a large number of you. I bet every time your parents are out, you have to look after your baby brother or sister right? It's pretty hard sometimes isn't it? Well here are a few suggestions which might make it easier for you. Firstly, never let your brother or sister near the kitchen on their own. Stay away from the kitchen unless you are getting snacks to eat and drinks. The kitchen is a dangerous, unsafe and bad place to play. Your brother or sister could easily burn, scald or hurt themselves with hot or boiling water, clothes irons or hot oven doors. There are some yucky chemicals kept in the kitchen which aren't very healthy for you if you drink or inhale it. Don't forget there's also a chance your baby sibling could slip and fall over. The kitchen is out of bounds. If your younger sibling needs to go to the toilet or take a bath, make sure that you go and help them. It is very important, and it will make you look more grown-up too, doing important things around the house. When they are taking a bath, make sure the water is not too hot or they could get hurt ands scalded. Also, be sure to hold them up because it is very easy for them to drown, so don't play around during bath-time. Finally, never ever let your baby brother or sister go peeking down the toilet incase they fall in. It would be unsafe, unhygienic and very yucky. Moving away from the toilet issues, the next thing you have to be careful of are the doors. Slamming doors in your brother or sister's face is a big no-no. Their fingers could get caught and it would be extremely painful. If any of you have a staircase in the house, you will probably know how dangerous they are, especially for kids under two. The best thing to avoid accidents to keep them away from the stairs and remove any toys or objects blocking the stairs. If not, you or your little brother or sister could turn into Humpty Dumpty and break into many pieces Talking about taking big falls, it is also a good idea to close any low windows your sibling could climb out of, or remove anything they could climb on to in order to get to the opening. Did you know that the biggest cause of accidents in homes are from playing with matches? If you have ever tried it and thought it cool, take some advice from the big kids, it's not cool. You could easily kill yourself and your little baby brother or sister, so remember, keep tem away from those matches and remember the words of Smokey Bear; â€Å"Only YOU can stop [house hold] fires!† Don't forget to keep them away from the medicine cabinet, and remind them often that it ISN'T candy. Finally, if you are playing outside the house, keep those little kids away from the garage or tool shed, which have a lot of dangerous tools and chemicals. (P.T.O.) Now you can go and tell your friends how cool you are and your parents how grown up you are because you know how to look after your baby brother or sister, and yourself.

Election Riding Canadian Political Glossary

In Canada, a riding is an electoral district. It is a place or geographical area that is represented in the House of Commons by a member of parliament, or in provincial and territory elections an area represented by a member of the provincial or territory legislative assembly. The federal ridings and provincial ridings may have similar names, but they usually have different boundaries. The names are usually geographic names that identify the area or names of historical personages or a mix of both. Provinces have different numbers of federal electoral districts while territories have only a single district. The word riding comes from an Old English word that meant one-third of a county. It is no longer an official term but it is in general use when referring to Canadian electoral districts. Also  Known As: electoral district; constituency,  circonscription, comtà © (county). Canadian Federal Electoral Districts Each federal riding returns one Member of Parliament (MP) to the Canadian House of Commons. All of the ridings are single-member districts. The local organizations of political parties are known as riding associations, although the legal term is electoral district association.  Ã‚  The federal electoral districts are designated by a name and a five-digit district code.   Provincial or Territorial Electoral Districts Each provincial or territorial electoral district returns one representative to the provincial or territorial legislature. The title depends on the province or territory. In general, the boundaries for the district are different from those of the federal electoral district in the same area. Changes to Federal Electoral Districts: Ridings Ridings were first established by the British North America Act in 1867. At that time, there were 181 ridings in four provinces. They are periodically reallocated based on population, often after the results of the census. Originally, they were the same as the counties used for local government. But as the population grew and changed, some counties had enough population to be divided into two or more electoral districts, while rural population may have shrunk and riding needed to encompass parts of more than one county to contain enough voters.​ The number of ridings was increased to 338 from 308 by the 2013 Representation Order, which took effect for the federal elections in 2015.  They were revised based on the 2011 Census population numbers, with seat counts rising in four provinces. Western Canada and the Greater Toronto area gained the most population and the newest ridings. Ontario gained 15, British Columbia and Alberta gained six each, and Quebec gained three. Within a province, the boundaries of the ridings also shift each time they are reallocated. In the 2013 revision, only 44 had the same boundaries as they had before. This shift is done to reallocate representation based on where the most population was located. It is possible that the boundary changes could affect the outcome of elections. An independent commission in each province redraws the boundary lines, with some input from the public. Name changes are done through legislation.

Straight vs. Strait How to Choose the Right Word

The words straight and strait  are  homophones: They sound alike but have different meanings. As an adjective, straight has several meanings, including level, upright, not bent, extending in the same direction, accurate, and honest. As an adverb, straight means directly or in a straight line. The noun strait usually refers to a narrow waterway. The plural form, straits, means difficulty or distress. The confusion between strait and straight is about five centuries old, notes William Safire in Coming to Terms. Strait is from the Latin stringere, to bind; straight is from the Middle English strecchen, to stretch. How to Use Straight In the most-often-used sense, straight means extending in the same direction without curving when used as an adjective, and it means directly when used as an adverb. A sentence with straight as an adjective is, The line he drew was perfectly straight or He drew a straight line. When used as an adverb, a part of speech that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, a sentence using straight might read: He ran straight to her room. In this example, straight modifies the verb ran. How to Use Strait Strait  is almost always a noun. It means  a narrow channel joining two larger bodies of water. A classic example of the use of the word strait would be the Strait of Gibraltar. This strait, situated between Gibraltar and Peninsular Spain, connects two bodies of water, the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Examples The most common use of the word straight is describing something that is not crooked, or its opposite, as in Bens nose wasnt quite straight, and there was also something a little lopsided about his mouth. Other examples use the term meaning directly, as in: After the test, he went straight home.Dont turn left or right; just drive straight down the road until you get to the coffee shop. Strait, by contrast, is most often used to describe a channel connecting two bodies of water. For this use, you might say: Taking a steam launch, we crossed the strait at an early hour to catch the express train to our destination. Strait can also refer to being in a dire predicament, as in: I could never ask a relative for money unless I were in hopeless straits. How to Remember the Difference Remember that strait means narrow, confined, or constrained. And the word strait has fewer letters than straight, so it is more confined. Straight, by contrast, has a wider meaning; that is, it can mean many more things than strait. So, straight needs more letters than strait to contain all those meanings. Idiom Alerts There are several idiomatic uses for straight and strait to keep in mind: Keeping a straight face: The expression to keep a straight face means to maintain a blank or serious expression, especially when trying not to laugh, as in: He tried to keep a straight face, but he couldnt help laughing at the comedians jokes. Straight talk: The expression straight talk refers to speech that is plain, direct, and honest. For example, you might say, Tell me the truth; be straight with me. Setting the record straight: The expression set the record straight means to correct a misunderstanding or offer an accurate version of events that have been incorrectly reported. An example would be, He called on the newspaper to run a correction to set the record straight after it ran the error-plagued article. Straitlaced vs. straightlaced:  Straightlaced is a variant of straitlaced, which can be used to describe someone who is strict or severe in behavior or moral views or to express the notion of confinement, as in a corset. Straitjacket vs. Straightjacket Use straitjacket when you are referring to a cover or overgarment made of strong material (such as canvas) used to bind the body, particularly the arms, in restraining a violent prisoner or patient, or just to mean something that restricts or confines like a straitjacket. Merriam-Webster does give straightjacket as an alternative spelling, but it is not the preferred spelling. Use straitjacket instead. You can remember the term by recalling that a straitjacket confines or restrains; thus the word is narrower and contains fewer letters than straightjacket. The term also has a couple of variants, such as straitjacketed, generally meaning someone who is confined or restricted in some way, and straitjacketing, a verb referring to the process of confining or restricting someone. Sources â€Å"Straight vs. Strait: A Dire Situation.†Ã‚  Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster.â€Å"Strait vs. Straight.†Ã‚  Grammarist.â€Å"Strait vs. Straight: Whats the Difference?†Ã‚  Writing Explained, 27 June 2018.â€Å"Straitjacket.†Ã‚  Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster.Straightlaced. Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster.