Journalism - The Economic Crisis Research Paper

Journalism - The Economic Crisis - Research Paper Example The people I interviewed gave varied responses to the causes of the economic crisis but from the interviews it was clear that it affected people’s living standards since inflation hit hard ion people s pockets and they could no longer live the way they used to do before. People feel that the economic crisis was caused by the debts that most people in the United States live with. The rate of profit of the economy had fallen and this meant that there was a high rate of inflation. Businesses were forced to adjust to the crisis by laying off workers so that they could continue being in existence. The rate of unemployment also increased as a result and this meant that the unemployed people could not get money to meet their daily needs. The decline in profits cased investments to reduce and since the economy depends on returns from business, the economy was set on the crisis. Other people feel that mortgage lending caused the economic crisis since the cost of housing increased signi ficantly during the crisis. This is because people had to pay a lot of money for their housing units and they were left with little money to meet their other needs. People feelings about the economic mess are varied but most people feel that it ruined the lifestyles as they had to budget their finances so that they could be able to survive with the money they had. ... The crisis caused people to move in to smaller houses since paying mortgages was expensive as interest rates were on the all time high and paying them was a task. People feel that the government is to blame for the crisis since it did not set the necessary policies to see that the value of the dollar is maintained. The government did not respond to crisis early enough as if it had it would have set out policies that would ensure that interest rates are at a good enough level to further development. People are dependant on credit and when the interest rates are too high, it means that they will not be able to get credit at reasonable interest rates hence levels of poverty will increase. Had the government ensured that interest rates were at a fair rate, it would make people get more credit and use it for their own development and for that of the country. People feel that government spending also had a great role to play in the crisis the economy was so much in debt and the high rate o f inflation meant that more money had to be used to pay the debt. The government spent a lot of money on the war against terrorism and there was no money being injected into the economy from the war. The cost incurred during the war depleted the economy of funds, which could be used for development purposes. Everyone was affected by the crisis and people complained on the adverse effects it had on their daily routines. There were high rates of unemployment since businesses could not employ people due to the decreased levels of profit. Those who were lucky to get jobs had to work on two or more jobs since they could not get enough from one job. Since the cost of gas also increased people’s travelling habits also

Clothes In Latin America Essay Example for Free

Clothes In Latin America Essay Clothes in Chile and general Latin America Clothing styles throughout Latin America vary from region to region and have been influenced through several different sources. Fashion in Latin America today and traditional fashions of Latin America differ dramatically. Climate, location, isolation, population, economy, history, colonial influences are many of the sources that have helped to contribute to these changes. Traditional Latin American fashion varied form region to region but maintained a distinctive appearance. Traditional and new aged Latino fashions are generally easy to decipher from each other. Modern fashion in Chile and most of Latin American have lost their traditional roots and are similar to North American. It has become the norm to see a citizen of Chile walking the street in Gap or American eagle. The amount of traditional roots left in clothes largely depends on the location. Rural Latin American and Chile clothes are much more traditional than in the cities. Rural Chileans and Latin Americans who live in tropical climates prefer lightweight cotton clothing in general. Men usually wear lightweight cotton clothing and loose fitting cotton shirts. The majority of the woman dress in long skirts and blouses. In contrast, people who live in mountains or places of high elevation need heavier clothing for protection against the cold. Both men and woman alike wear ponchos or will simply use blankets with a slit for the head. Woman also dress in full skirts, long sleeved blouses, and shawls. Different lifestyles require different sorts of fashion. Farmers wear straw or felt hats to protect themselves form the sun. In the highlands men often wear coarse hand woven shirts and baggy pants. Rural people generally go barefoot or in sandals, and some even make shoes out of automobile tires. Despite modernized fashion Chileans and other Latin Americans, will dress more traditionally for special events or occasions. Chilean cowboys (Hausas) wear big flat-topped hats, heavy ponchos, colorful sashes, fringed leather leggings, and boost with spurs. This is a traditional outfit for Hausas in Chile. The clothing of the Araucarias Indian women of south-central Chile includes brightly colored shawls and heavy silver jewelry. Many Indian groups wear brightly colored clothing with traditional patterns. In such groups, each area/village has its own special designs and colors. Colonials played a large and important role in the alteration and adaptation of Latin American fashion. The cultures different styles of clothing mixed together and became more European/American as time went on. Over the years factories have bee built throughout Latin America and Chile, many of which produced clothes, influencing fashion further. Media greatly promoted the Americanization of clothes in the Hispanic culture as well. Different regions have held on to their native clothes styles better than others. Traditional clothing, however, can still be found in certain areas of Latin America today. Areas that are more isolated than others have a better chance of holding on to their traditional way of dress. Because these regions are isolated they have not been as colonized as other areas and are visited by outside locations less often. Even if a location isn t necessarily isolated the physical characteristics and weather can cause traditional dress to continue. Extreme heat of cold, high winds, and a rocky area of land are examples of factors that cause modernization to decrease. Clothes worn in Latin American countries today differ greatly from region to region. In Ecuador the Otovindions are well known for their distinctive weave pattern, bright colors, and sharp depiction of figures in their clothing. Clothes in Ecuador and many other Latin American countries are hand made to a larger extent than in America. Bolivia is very much in touch with their traditional roots in clothing today. Many men and boys wear brightly colored knitted caps with earflaps, which help to keep them warm in the highlands. Due to warm weather in certain areas of Bolivia many Bolivians wear lightweight fabric, especially lightweight cotton. Despite the changes in civilization the many native Bolivian Indians are able to maintain their traditional style of clothing and customs. The woman wear their hair in long pigtails with a soft derby hat on their heads. Bolivian women will wear an apron over a bright skirt with many underskirts, which are cool.

Death In Venice Essay -- Thomas Mann Death Venice Metaphor Essays

Death In Venice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To have an understanding of the use of disease as a metaphor in Thomas Mann’s novella Death In Venice, it is useful to understand the concept of disease itself. According to Webster’s Dictionary, 1913 edition, disease is defined as the â€Å"lack of ease; uneasiness; trouble; vexation; disquiet.† These words do embody the struggles of the great author, and main character of the novella, Gustav Aschenbach, but it is the description of disease as â€Å"an alteration in the state of the body or of some of its organs, interrupting or disturbing the performance of the vital functions, and causing or threatening pain and weakness; malady; affection; illness; sickness; disorder; -- applied figuratively to the mind, to the moral character and habits, to institutions, the state, etc† that is the foundation of the metaphor used by Mann. The disease spreading through Venice, is presumed to be cholera, and to what Aschenbach surrenders to in Venic e. However, upon careful examination of the words written so eloquently, one can find that the death of Aschenbach was more than that of an artist afflicted with passion and lust for beauty than of any physical ailment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mann carefully combines philosophy and psychology in Death in Venice, and these two general areas of intellect are in conflict throughout the novella. Specifically, it is the philosophy of art, one’s quest for beauty, and the psychological theory of repression derived from Freud that present themselves as key concerns in the metaphor of disease. Aschenbach, in his question for beauty, and in his repressed upbringing as an outcast of sorts from his great forefathers lead to the internal conflict he personifies. â€Å"His forebears had been officers, judges, bureaucrats, men who had led their disciplined, respectable, and frugal lives in the services of king and state. Deeper intellectuality had embodied itself among them on one occasion, in the person of a preacher; more swiftly flowing and sensual blood had entered the family in the previous generation through the writer’s mother, daughter of a Bohemian orchestra conductor. It was from her that he derived the signs of foreign ancestry in his appearance. The marriage of a sober official conscientiousness with darker, more ardent impulses produced an artist, this particular artist.† These words allow us to see into the character of Aschen... ...oward evil, the forbidden and the morally impossible?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Disease of the soul, and disease of the body are much the same. One is no more disturbing than the other, and as Mann writes about this theme in Death In Venice we see that when we find that which is our passion life stops. â€Å"†¦even on a personal basis, art is an enhancement of life. It makes you more deeply happy, it wears you out faster.† We are no longer responsible for our actions for we have found that which our life has been lived for, and there is no longer any reason to go on living when we know that we can never have that which our heart desires. Disease as a metaphor could also be examined through the characterization of Tadzio. Mann makes several references about the health of the boy himself. Is it that this artistic perfection of which he is the embodiment is something that is not natural? This question was not answered in this assessment of Death in Venice, although it is certainly another area for investigation. Bibliography 1. Mann, Thomas. Death in Venice. Dover Thrift Editions. 1995. NY. 2. Webster’s Dictionary, 1913 edition. http://machaut.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/WEBSTER.sh?WORD=Disease

Start Up of New Fast Food Chain in India

Group 3 Member Debashish Das Pallavi Talwar Hari Das Gupta Pramod Balakrishnan Ans Since the maiden business venture would be the first business venture of the group, we would prefer to keep the funding internal. The business venture we would start is Indian Street food restaurant â€Å" Pao Khao† Executive Summary Pao Khao is a locally owned fast food outlet that will be positioned as an international franchise through our creative approach to the company's image and detail presentation. Pao Khao will provide a combination of excellent food at value pricing, with fun packaging and atmosphere. Pao Khao is the answer to an increasing demand for snack-type & Ethnic Indian food. In today's highly competitive environment, it is becoming increasingly difficult to differentiate one fast food outlet from another. Delhi NCR , has population of more than 2 million. Our main priority is to establish starting in Gurgaon , preferably close to one of prominent shopping malls in MG road. Later, our effort will be a further development of more retail outlets in the surrounding area. This plan is prepared to obtain a location for the initial launch of this concept. Additional financing will need to be secured for the two subsequent outlets, anticipated in month 13 and early in year three. The financing, in addition to the capital contributions from shareholders, will allow Pao Khao to successfully open and expand through year two. The initial capital investment will allow Pao Khao to provide its customers with a value-driven, entertaining experience through the creativity of its founders. Pao Khao will entice youngsters as well as working couple (DINK) to bring their friends and family with our innovative environment, fresh Indian Snack /Ethnic food . 1 Objectives †¢To establish a presence as a successful local fast food outlets and gain a market share in Delhi NCR Fastest growing fast food industry. †¢To make Pao Khao a destination spot for mall-goers, leisure & pleasure seekers 1. 2 Mission Our main goal is to be one of the most successful fast food outlets in Gurgaon, starting with one retail outlet located inside a major shopping mall as a â€Å"market tester. † Pao Khao will strive to be a premier local fast food brand in the local marketplace. We want our customers to have the total experience when visiting our outlet(s) and website as they will learn about this fascinating new â€Å"pop culture. † We will sell merchandise from pre-packaged chutney and t-shirts, to innovative combinations such as Idli Dhokla, all with our official brand attached to them. Our main focus will be serving high-quality food at a great value. 1. 3 Keys to Success To succeed in this business we must: †¢Create a unique, innovative, entertaining menu that will differentiate us from the rest of the competition. Control costs at all times, in all areas and implement a conservative approach to growth policy. Although, we provide more than enough fund to open more than one outlet, we want to be on the safe side of the business. †¢Sell the products that are of the highest quality, as well as keeping the customers happy with all of our product categories from food to store merchandising. †¢Provide 100% satisfaction to our customers and maintaining the level of excellent services among other competitors. Encourage the two most important values in fast food business: brand and image, as these two ingredients are a couple of main drivers in marketing communications. †¢Get access to high-traffic shopping malls near the target market. †¢Promote good values of company culture and business philosophy. 2. 1 Company Ownership Pao Khao is a privately held company. It will be registered as a Limited company, with ownership 25% – Hari Das Gupta, 25% – Pallavi, 25% – Pramod, 25% – Debashish 2. 2 Start-up Summary The retail outlet will be rented at one of the target location shopping malls. Our preference is Space A, for the main reason of reaching larger traffic. Startup requirements will be financed through owner investments. (all values in INR) a 2. 3 Company Locations and Facilities Pao Khao locations will range in size from 70~100 meter square and will seat from 15 – 25 guests. Our first location will be on the larger end of this range. The location will feature its own originality in merchandise display and other brand building attributes. We will equip the outlet with modern furniture and aim for cleanliness and an open feeling. We are currently looking at several possible sites in shopping malls along MG Road. The space selection will be chosen based upon the following criteria: †¢Community size: minimum of 10,00,000 people within a radius of 5 kilometers. †¢Office Areas and Tourist destination. †¢Easy access. †¢Large percentage of upwardly mobile upper middle class in the community. All of these qualities are consistent with Pao Khao goal of providing a top quality fast food experience. We want â€Å"word-of-mouth† to be our best form of marketing, where our customers value our brand as something exciting and cannot wait to tell their friends and neighbors. Pao Khao will directly compete with several fast food joints inside the chosen shopping mall, including Mac Donald, Pizza Hut and other but create niche for its ethnic Indian Flavour. Products We want to focus only on selling Indian Food. Alcoholic drinks will not be sold in our outlet, as Pao Khao promotes a healthy and positive Indian lifestyle. 3. 1 Product Description Pao Khao primarily ethnic Indian Street/Snack food †¢Chole Bature †¢Dahi Bhalla †¢Indian Thaali †¢Executive Thali †¢Rajmaa chawal or noodles.. (fusion) †¢Pao Bhaji †¢Dhokla etc 3. Competitive Comparison Pao Khao has several advantages over its leading competitors: †¢Unique â€Å"fusion† concept of Indian Food. †¢We expect a high degree of enthusiasm and offer a fun store with friendly staff, that reflects the company's youthful and energetic culture. †¢Supporting merchandise items that support the company's brand building. †¢Our innovative packaging will be more entertaining than our competitors †¢Direct relation with farmers to procure fresh vegetable and grains at lower prices. Core essential for successful business strategy would be 1. Indentifying appropriate and correct place for the first restaurant. 2. Quality of service and food , cleanliness 3. Commitment to customer and creating the right ambience 4. Chefs are key USP and need to have competency to develop this and also keep in mind attrition due to competition. 5. Marketing – Without proper marketing, howsoever a good idea can fail , hence marketing strategy is paramount importance Marketing has to be both ATL and BTL†¦Since we are promoting amidst fierce competition, we need to have aggressive marketing strategy which creates buzz in

Did School Helped in Covering Up the Crime

In my assessment of the facts, I believe that Eastern Michigan University did not intentionally covered-up the death of Laura Dickinson. Though the Clery Act requires schools to report any crimes and other threats to safety to students, it ignores such law because it lacked clear decision as to what to do with the incident (Goldman). Aside from that, it is beyond doubt that the school failed in initiating investigation on the incident. The tragic incident may also have distracted the school administrator as to what really happened to Laura until the body cannot be revealed to the students. Apart from that, the school may have feared that announcing the death of Laura may disturb their investigation and may create fear among students that they cannot control. The incident may have been perceived by the school as a threat to the peace within the school. Furthermore, the incident may have happened the first time and it is not prepared and lacked the proper guidelines in responding to such incident. It would also be unfair to conclude that the incident was covered- up because the school did not hid the body. If it was the school’s intention to cover-up the incident, it could have done anything that would disallow anyone from discovering it. Besides, the school made a statement after ten days. Thereafter, informed Laura’s parents after ten weeks. Ten weeks may be considered to be unreasonable for the school to finally decide in revealing the truth but it may be considered only as a negligence and indecisiveness on their part. The school may have feared losing its reputation once the incident is fully made known in public and may have been confused about the privacy of the people concerned. Aside from failing to report the incident, there are no other circumstances that would strongly determine that the school tried to hide the incident from the students and the public as well. Furthermore, the school may have been ignorant about the consequences of its act. Hence, the school did not intentionally covered-up the incident.

The Hamilton Health Inc Marketing Research

The Hamilton Health Inc Marketing Research Introduction Marketing research is a strategy that businesses use to amass information regarding their operations from production to supply. In order to do this, the marketing research uses a systematic process of collecting, recording and assessing information dealing with marketing of the companies productions. The objective of the process is to identify and analyze how variation of the factors of marketing mix can influence the behavior of customers.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Hamilton Health Inc Marketing Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Why hire Marketing Research Suppliers The Hamilton Health, Inc – HHI needs to find out its actual market size so that to determine its potential of growth. This will entail determining the buying behavior of its clients, its distribution channels and the type of competition that the organization is facing. This is necessary in order for it to get professional advice of what the results of this would translate to when marketing the personal treadmills that are used for managing health and exercises. Since the founder of the business, Eric Hamilton is devoted to see that the business expands; he needs to get professional understanding of how that growth will be achieved. This is what will form the basis for a strategic plan that the firm will adapt for its expansion which will be based on accurate information, reasoned and timely decisions. HHI can make use of the marketing research suppliers to grab the competitors’ market share and also be enlightened on how to improve its products. Choosing a partner There are several companies that offer marketing research services to companies. However, for Eric’s HHI, the best company for partnering with is the one that will position it better to compete well with its competitors (Wiid Diggines, 2010, p. 134). The criteria of selecting such a partner will include choosing a company that has specialized in doing targeted market research for medical and sports equipment. Such a company will be very considering that the owner may know very little in terms of marketing. This will also give HHI an upper edge over its competitors. This is because the trained consultants are informed of the buying trends, marketing dynamics, ebbs and flows of customers among other facts (Wiid Diggines, 2010, p. 137). This type of knowledge is worth spending on especially when there is observable difference in the performance of the business. It’s important also to understand that the marketing research suppliers will not have all the answers to the company’s position at the moment. To begin with, there are several types of supplies.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The limited-service suppliers are those firms that focus their servi ces provision of one aspect of marketing research of few stages of the entire research process (Burns Ronald 2010, p. 178). These services are in most cases referred to as field services and may include data analyses, branding strategies and interviewing and coding of information among others. Full marketing research suppliers on the other hand are those businesses that will offer a full range of services that deal with the process of marketing. This means that they are able to collect information by developing research questions, conduct the research, analyze the data and come up with finding which they can use to draw conclusions and make recommendations (Burns Ronald 2010, p. 178). They utilize both the qualitative and quantitative methods of research and assessments of data. Expectations from the Supplier HHI should expect that the marketing research suppliers will free the company from the hustle of seeking customers and collecting information for analysis and so on. Therefor e Eric Hamilton will have ample time to focus on other issues of the company which include marketing, selling and studying the business trend. This means that other business aspects that would have gone unattended will be dealt with by the owner during this time (Crouch Housden, 2003, p. 145). By hiring the marketing research supplier, HHI anticipates that it will be eventually a worthy investment. Basically, Eric will be at peace knowing that the investment has a good success track record and therefore expect better and reliable results. The suppliers can always send reports on weekly, monthly or quarterly basis so that HHI can begin making strategies to move forward as the marketing research continues. The reports are likely to be more detailed than those that could have been generated by HHI. Do – It Yourself? In reality, the cost of company doing a research on its own is not just about the huge money that will be spent on the project, but it’s a matter of time th at will be invested and the quality of work done that will be realized. There are many instances where various firms opt to carry their research on their own, but later realize that they did not have adequate skill or time for the job. Many day pass-by, they turn into months and then years of a failed project because the owner may not find sufficient time for the job (Malhotra Birks, 2007, p. 256). Doing it by yourself can be cheap in terms of money, but costly in terms of failed project or lack of results. Therefore it is not advisable for anyone to pursue such a project without hiring assistance from professionals (Malhotra Birks, 2007, p. 256). This can only occur only; When one can realistically find time for the project in his own company When one has the skills and tool to analyze the data and draw conclusions When one has skill for making a report that will be credible to other users When one can be able to sustain an blind research or be able to find a sample qualified en ough to take part in the study Conclusion Marketing research will play a critical role in the growth of HHI as it fights to establish a strong market share. The information from the marketing research will enable the company develop strategies that will help it boost its operations and market share, hence making it to grow and expand steadily.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Hamilton Health Inc Marketing Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference List Burns, A.C. Ronald F.B. (2010) â€Å"Marketing Research,† 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice Hall. Crouch, S. Housden, M. (2003) â€Å"Marketing Research for Managers,† 3rd Ed, Oxford, ButterworthHeinemann Malhotra, N. Birks, D. (2007) â€Å"Marketing Research: An Applied Approach: 3rd European Ed,† Harlow, UK, Pearson Education Wiid, J Diggines, C. (2010). â€Å"Marketing Research,† 3rd Ed. New York, John Wiley Sons

Reflection on Jesus Essays

Reflection on Jesus Essays Reflection on Jesus Essay Reflection on Jesus Essay The teachings of Jesus, His death and resurrection, and the promise of His return provide believers with a firm foundation for living, confidence in God’s power and provision in our lives, and clear direction in The Way. As a believer, His message directs my educational choices, guides my life experiences, and determines how I approach society. Christ teaches that the measure of successful living in His eternal kingdom is far different than the standards society espouses. In Matthew 5, He lists many â€Å"blessings† that our society defines as character flaws or weaknesses. Jesus asks believers to remove our trust in possessions and self-gratification. He calls us to live differently so that others can see Him clearly in us, and in doing so, offer hope to those who are hurting. Christ provides practical guidance for daily living. Throughout Matthew 5 and 6, He challenges believers to examine our motives and make decisions beyond the letter of the law. We are to consider the â€Å"thought life† behind our actions and strive to make those thoughts and motives pure. (Bradley, 2012) In doing so, we are able to live righteously in both the law and the Spirit. 2 Corinthians 10:5, NIV) Jesus cautions His believers not to forget the glorious purpose we are called to. By being the salt of the earth as described in Matthew 5, we are called to live in a way that mirrors Jesus’ sacrifice, which can preserve a dying world as salt preserves food. Jesus asks us to reflect His light and illuminate a dark world. Each parable in Luke 15 displays how highly God values us. His pastoral, possessive, and parental connections to us are also revealed, as is His great concern when we are separated from Him. The parables allude to God’s efforts to rescue, retrieve, and restore us to Him and the great celebration that results when we are reunited. By reflecting God’s love to the world, we fulfill our purpose and help â€Å"find† the lost. The account of Jesus’ death and resurrection in Luke 22-24 demonstrates His great love for us, His perfect obedience to God’s will and plan for His life, and the fulfillment of that plan through tremendous sacrifice and divine restoration. Jesus sets an example of perfect obedience for us in Luke 22:42. He was fully aware of His impending torture and death, yet he still submitted to God’s will. Remaining obedient throughout His trial, crucifixion and death, Jesus fulfilled every promise in Isaiah 53:5, where it says â€Å"But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was on him, and by his wounds we are healed. † Jesus defining moment comes not in His death, but in His resurrection, as Luke 24 describes. It is through Jesus that we are restored to the Father. Paul explains, â€Å"For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man. For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive. † (1 Corinthians 15:21-22, NIV) Matthew 24 tells of great trials, unrest, and distress that are to come before Jesus returns. Jesus talks about worldwide turmoil; catastrophes so severe that â€Å"If those days had not been cut short, no one would survive, but for the sake of the elect those days will be shortened. † (Matthew 24:22, NIV). Even in this foreboding message, Jesus provides hope for His believers. Matthew 24:31 encourages believers that Jesus will gather them together to be with Him. Nobody will know the time of His return, so he provides guidance for His followers to stay alert. Jesus gives the promise of reward for those who are faithful and prepared in verses 45 through 47, but also warns those who are not prepared in verse 48 through 51. As a business major, I am preparing to lead others professionally. While leadership comes with a temptation to serve my own interests, Jesus teaches in Matthew 5 that greater gains in life will come through servant leadership and humility. This approach may be misunderstood by my peers, and may cost me professional and social opportunities, but I don’t have to worry about those costs. Jesus says, â€Å"Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or drink; or about your body, what you will wear. † (Matthew 6:25a, NIV). His death and resurrection prove that He has the both the authority and the desire to provide for me. I need only trust Him. Matthew 24 provides encouragement for this approach. â€Å"It will be good for that servant whose master finds him doing so when he returns. Truly I tell you, he will put him in charge of all his possessions. † (Matthew 24:45b, NIV). Jesus’ teachings guide me as I daily turn over all of my will to Christ’s care and control. I minister in a Christ-centered recovery program for anyone with hurts, hang-ups, and habits that keep them from having an intimate relationship with Christ. Jesus provides the â€Å"8 Principles† of this program, in order, through the â€Å"Beatitudes† found in Matthew 5:3-12. I live keenly focused on â€Å"practicing these principles in all my affairs. (Baker, 2005) I do so with the confidence that Jesus’ death and resurrection, as described in Luke 22-24, have brought me back into relationship with God. I hold firmly to the promise of Matthew 24 that I will be reunited with my Creator. Rather than insisting on my rights, amassing wealth, or living self-centeredly, Jesus calls me to live counter-culturally; so that others can see Christ in me. Following Jesus means living the example He sets in the midst of His betrayal, trial, and crucifixion: not my will, but God’s. I do all of this with the hope and promise that even though I may struggle, I can learn to be â€Å"reasonable happy in this life, and supremely happy in the next† (Neibuhr, 1986) when He returns. References Baker, J. (2005). Celebrate recovery leaders guide. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. Bradley, M. (2012, August 18). You are what you think. Retrieved from bible-knowledge. com/you-are-what-you-think/ Neibuhr, R. (1986). The essential reinhold niebuhr: Selected essays and addresses. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

History of the Jet Ski

History of the Jet Ski Personal water craft have been around for more than half a century. The â€Å"Jet Ski,† however, is a trademark used by Kawasaki for its line of personal motorized water craft. Although the word Jet Ski has now become a more generic term describing all personal watercraft, well use it to refer specifically to the Kawasaki vessels. Early Years The earliest water scooters- as they were originally called- were introduced to Europe in the mid 1950s by motorcycle makers looking to expand their markets. The British company Vincent produced some 2,000 of its Amanda water scooters in 1955, but it failed to create the new market Vincent had hoped for. Despite the failure of European water scooters to catch on in the 1950s, the 60s saw continued attempts at tinkering with the idea. The Italian company Mival introduced its Nautical Pleasure Cruiser, which required users to hang onto the craft from behind. Australian motocross enthusiast Clayton Jacobsen II decided to design his own version so that its pilots would be standing up. His big breakthrough, though, was switching from the old outboard motors to an internal pump-jet. Jacobsen made his first prototype out of aluminum in 1965. He tried again a year later, this time opting for fiberglass. He sold his idea to the snowmobile manufacturer Bombardier, but they failed to catch on and Bombardier gave up on them. With patent back in hand, Jacobsen went to Kawasaki, which brought out its model in 1973. It was called the  Jet Ski. With the benefit of Kawasaki’s marketing, the Jet Ski won a loyal audience as a way to waterski without the need  for a boat. It was a small audience, however, as remaining on board while standing up- especially in choppy water- remained a challenge. Jet Skis Go Big The next decade planted the seeds for an explosion in the  popularity of personal water craft. For one thing, new models were introduced that let  riders do what they could do back on the old water scooters. The ability to sit down helped pilot stability. New designs not only improved stability further, but they allowed for two riders at a time, introducing a social element to personal water crafts. Bombardier got back into the game with the introduction of the Sea-Doo, which went on to become the best-selling personal watercraft in the world. With further advances in engine technology and emissions, today’s personal water craft enjoy new-found success in every metric. They can go faster than ever, reaching 60 miles an hour. And they now sell more than any boat in the world. Jet Ski Competitions As the popularity of personal water craft started to take off, enthusiasts started to organize races and competitions. The premiere racing series event is the  P1 AquaX, which launched in the United Kingdom in May 2011. London-based sports promoter Powerboat P1  created the racing series and expanded to the United States in 2013. And by 2015, as many as  400 riders from 11 countries had signed up to compete in an AquaX event. The organizers are looking to expand to other countries.

The benifits of nuclear medicine vs other forms of radiation exams Term Paper

The benifits of nuclear medicine vs other forms of radiation exams - Term Paper Example Today the stream of medical technologies has evolved to such an extent that almost all the medical specialists in medicine depend significantly on technology. In the following section this paper briefly describes the imaging modality called Nuclear Medicine. Although the imaging modalities like Nuclear Medicine, X-Rays, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, are categorized as modalities of medical imaging. Except for Nuclear Medicine which is also termed as Radionuclide Scanning, rest all belong to the field of radiology. The latter half of the paper presents a contrast between Nuclear Medicine and other above mentioned modalities of radiology. Nuclear Medicine: It is an old modality of medical imaging that was discovered accidently in middle of the twentieth century. Nuclear medicine is the conglomerate of physics, chemistry, mathematics, medicine, detectors and computer technology. It uses predetermined amounts of radioactive material to diagnose ailments pertaining to c ancer, heart etc. This noninvasive branch of medicine uses imaging modalities after a radioactive material also known as radiotracers is either injected into the subject through intravenous injection or the subject is made to swallow or it is inhaled by the subject. The radiotracer gets settled in the part of the body that is to be imaged or studied. These radioactive substances emit gamma rays – that is electromagnetic radiations consist of photons. These rays are detected by a gamma camera etc. These devices enable the specialist to understand the condition of the body part, on the basis on the level of radiation that is detected by the detector. Some of the imaging techniques used in nuclear medicine are Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scanner), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Bone Scanning and Cardiovascular imaging. Figure 1 shows a PET Scanner. Nuclear medicine is helpful in detecting cancers, inadequate flow of blood to various tissues in the body , improper functioning of organs. Figure 1. PET Scanner (Zwanger-Pesiri Radiology) Radiological Modalities: It is said that the invention of X-Rays by Roentgen in 1895 sparked off a trend of innovation in medicine. Clinical applications of X-Rays lead to the birth of radiology – one of the branches of medicine that has a significant role in other specialties like orthopedics and neurology. Computed Tomography (CT) scanning is an extension of use of X-Rays in medicine. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR) is another very important imaging modality that uses magnetic field and it was invented almost the same time as CT. Sideways radiology also saw the developments and use of ultrasounds in medicine. Nuclear Medicine vs. X-Rays, CT & MRI: Utility: Besides the anatomical (structural) information nuclear medicine (also called radionuclide scanning) also presents to the doctors the function of the body’s organ as well. This information enables the doctors to understand if the org an is functioning properly. In the case of other radiological modalities like X-Ray, CT etc, the information captured by them is purely anatomical. It is worth including here that the nuclear medicine images give lesser information about spatial resolution but the images obtained in nuclear medicine may help us to diagnose an ailment sooner than any other radiological

Macdonald's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Macdonald's - Term Paper Example It has been recognized that such grave issues tend to hamper the overall effectiveness of the organization. In order to resolve the issues, it is quite significant for the company to revise its strategies. It must also desire to focus upon the creation of sound incentive structures. It is also imperative to enhance the working condition of the employees. Top management needs to play an active role in this regard. Position The company that has been chosen for the study is McDonald’s Corporation. It is considered to be one of the biggest food chains in the globe pioneering in hamburger fast-food based restaurant. It is based in the United States, though McDonald’s has a global presence as at present the restaurant chain is operating in over 100 nations. In various places of the world where the company operates, it is either run by a franchise, an associate or the corporation itself. The company sells numerous products such as hamburgers, French fries along with chicken an d other breakfast item (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). McDonald’s mission statement aims at becoming one of the favorite places for the consumers. Its worldwide branches and subsidiaries have been linked with the global strategy which is known as ‘Plan to Win’. ... It believes in the fact that for the purpose of attaining success it is quite significant to have a trained workforce belonging to diverse backgrounds working in an environment as a team. The company assists its customers to build improved societies, endorses Ronald McDonald House contributions and thus these aspects positively impact upon their size, scope as well as possession to make the world a healthier place (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). The vision statement of the company is to be one of the top service restaurants offering speedy services to the customers. It wants to offer its customers with best quality, service, and cleanliness and value (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). McDonald’s is a business entity which is famous for its burgers and meals. The business of the company has been extended all over the world. The major stakeholders of the company are customer, employees, managers, financiers, and suppliers along with com munities in which it operates (McDonald’s Corporation, â€Å"The Values We Bring to the Table†). Thesis Statement The main objective of the paper is to discover the problems faced by McDonald’s and to identify the ways through which the problems can be resolved. Sense It can be observed that McDonald’s has been developing and extending its operations all over the globe since past few years. Even though the company seems to be convenient, clean and cheap there are a number of negative aspects related to the company especially its operational procedure. Despite paying the employees of the company with low wages and impacting other culture negatively to a certain extent, it has been observed that the company has been capable of positioning itself as having

Doing business in UK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Doing business in UK - Research Paper Example The four countries constituting the United Kingdom (UK) are England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. It is true that they can be distinguished geographically, however, their strong sense of nationality and identity cannot be ignored. Originally known for having a very homogeneous society, since the Second World War, Britain has acquired extreme diversity in all spheres due to the large number of immigrants accommodated into its population. The high mix of ethnic cultures and groups makes it difficult to define the British culture as having a particular look or acting in a particular fashion. The British are considered to be more formal as compared to other nations. It is found that numerous people belonging to the older generation prefer to work with organizations and people who are known to them or their associates. The young businessmen do not require long and standing personal relationships before entering into businesses with people. Nor do they depend on intermediaries for making i ntroductions for conducting businesses. In other words the key to successful businesses lie in effective relationships and maintenance of long term relationships. The British are seen to immense respect for ranks as they prefer to deal with people belonging to their levels or higher levels. Businessmen prefer including an elderly statesman into their group as a representative of authority which is considered as being essential for having positive and health business relationships . 1. The project seeks to present the pros and cons of conducting business in UK. This is done using the study of the region’s macro environment that affects the decisions of businessmen and entrepreneurs of organizations. Considerations are taken with regards to changes in tax structures, changes in legislations, demographic changes and changes in the government policies. To summaries it the entire project makes a thorough macro analysis of the United Kingdom which would impact the entry, establishm ent and growth of businesses in the same2. 1. PESTEL Analysis There are a number of factors in the external environment of firms which affect the decision making of managers and entrepreneurs. These factors are political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors which require consideration while setting up business in locations. 1.1. Political Factors The recent past political conditions in the United Kingdom were not very impressive for conducting business operations. However, the conditions have now changed. The government has been trying to schedule its activities as per its priorities for investing money. Blair has highlighted an Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development report in which he tried to show that Britain’s taxes were much lower as compared to the other industrialized nations across the world, Japan and USA being the only two exceptions3. Recently the government has been stressing on cutting duty on fuel which would be compe nsated by cutting costs in the form of pension reductions. The food prices had reached record levels and the prices of stables like food grains, had reached high levels however, the price rise has been curtailed. The aim of the government has been to build a solid foundation for a healthy economy and attempt to achieve full employment, lower inflation rates and maximize welfare of the economy (see 3). 1.2. Economic

The purpose and effectiveness of police patrol Term Paper

The purpose and effectiveness of police patrol - Term Paper Example Ingram, as well as â€Å"Measuring Crime: Police Statistics and Victimisation Surveys,† by Philippe Robert, Renee Zauberman, Marie-Lys Pottier, and Hugues Lagrange. Both were located in online library journals. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the purpose and effectiveness of police patrol. This article discusses certain types of behaviors that police officers have been noted to exhibit throughout many different studies. This particular article differs from others of its type in that it focuses on place. This means that the author of this particular author was curious about how location affected the behavior of officers. In this context, behavior can be defined as what the officer chose to do when observing a citizen breaking the law, from issuing a citation all the way up to making a formal arrest (Ingram 2007) This article goes far beyond previous studies that covered the influence of merely situational types of factors on the behavior of police officers. Rather, this article claims that an overall more contextualized framework is now needed in order to study law enforcement tasks. â€Å"Using multilevel and spatial modeling procedures, the current study examined the role that both immediate and surrounding neighborhood characteristics played on citation issuance within a large, metropolitan department. Findings indicated that neighborhood structural characteristics were significantly related to the number of citations written during traffic encounters, independent of situational factors† (Ingram, 2007, pg. 371). This article takes a look at numbers and trends related to police statistics and victimization. According to the authors, â€Å"A conflict may now be arising between citizens and the State around the issue of crime. There clearly seems to be a yawning gap between the actions taken by the authorities and the expectations of citizens. Personal safety and the protection of property

Critical Thinking Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Thinking Philosophy - Essay Example Critical thinking because of its reasoning based on logic is applicable here. By organizing his experiences with the universally accepted aesthetic standards like that of goodness and truth, the individual became an objective participant in the order of beauty. Any deviations from this harmony were subjective errors and which encompassed the individual’s lack of ability to make or comprehend beauty. This universe of the conscious makers was both beautiful and good and rational. Such a universe however went beyond the power of any single individual, be it intellectual, moral or aesthetic. This started the notion of there being a universal order, which had existed before and beyond them. This implied the existence of a bearer of ‘truth’, goodness’, and ‘beauty’ who had organized the universe into this one perfect module. This universe had to be full of ethically perfect activities and beauty and reason. Critical thinking in this context makes us pause and wonder whether there was a personal God behind this or a spiritual being outside this universe which was actually his creation or was an inherent active reason in the universe behind the creation of this perfect world. (Znaniecki, 88-89) Critical thinking encompasses metaphysical thinking as well as scientific thinking. Parmenides is considered to be the father of metaphysics. (Marias,20) The aim of metaphysics is to determine the real nature of things, to put all assumptions to test and to determine the meaning, structure and values of things the way they are.(Wilshire, 1-26)

The purpose and effectiveness of police patrol Term Paper

The purpose and effectiveness of police patrol - Term Paper Example Ingram, as well as â€Å"Measuring Crime: Police Statistics and Victimisation Surveys,† by Philippe Robert, Renee Zauberman, Marie-Lys Pottier, and Hugues Lagrange. Both were located in online library journals. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the purpose and effectiveness of police patrol. This article discusses certain types of behaviors that police officers have been noted to exhibit throughout many different studies. This particular article differs from others of its type in that it focuses on place. This means that the author of this particular author was curious about how location affected the behavior of officers. In this context, behavior can be defined as what the officer chose to do when observing a citizen breaking the law, from issuing a citation all the way up to making a formal arrest (Ingram 2007) This article goes far beyond previous studies that covered the influence of merely situational types of factors on the behavior of police officers. Rather, this article claims that an overall more contextualized framework is now needed in order to study law enforcement tasks. â€Å"Using multilevel and spatial modeling procedures, the current study examined the role that both immediate and surrounding neighborhood characteristics played on citation issuance within a large, metropolitan department. Findings indicated that neighborhood structural characteristics were significantly related to the number of citations written during traffic encounters, independent of situational factors† (Ingram, 2007, pg. 371). This article takes a look at numbers and trends related to police statistics and victimization. According to the authors, â€Å"A conflict may now be arising between citizens and the State around the issue of crime. There clearly seems to be a yawning gap between the actions taken by the authorities and the expectations of citizens. Personal safety and the protection of property

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a Essay

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a remarkably confusing approach to the purpose of cross-examination under s1(f)(ii)Criminal E - Essay Example gainst the national interest are easy to fathom and understand but lately, especially the last two decades, court decisions that require adjudication of cases in which the good or the bad moral character of the defendant is relevant to the resolution of the facts in issue, had been murky and muddled that students of law are often left befuddled. This is to be expected as the allowance of evidence of the bad or good moral character of the accused is fully in the discretion of the judges.3 Some jurors disallow hearing of evidence of the character of the accused on the pretext that it is irrelevant to the case. According to Elliott, â€Å"evidence is relevant when it has a tendency in reason to establish the probability or improbability of a fact in issue†4 Relevancy or the materiality to the issue of fact raised in the pleadings is extremely important because if evidence is relevant as well as competent, then that evidence is admissible. What is then relevant and thus admissible is therefore, dependent on the juror’s discretion. All that the court has to say after it refuses admittance of evidence is that it does so â€Å"in the interest of justice by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1988 section 25(1).5 Wigmore’s Axiom of Admissibility which is supposed to facilitate the judges’ exercise of their discretion to allow or disallow admission of evidence as to the good or bad character of the accused merely confuse the judges and everybody else. According to Wigmore, what can be admitted are only facts with rational probative value unless some specific rule clearly forbids its admission. Again the term ‘rational probative value’ is dependent on the interpretation of each judge. The Alfred Altmore Pope Foundation case tersely expresses this dilemma: No precise and universal test of relevancy is furnished by the law but the determination of whether particular evidence is relevant rests largely on the discretion of the court, which must be exercised

Internet Filters Essay Example for Free

Internet Filters Essay When browsing the Internet, users may encounter a filter. Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed. Four widely used Internet filters are anti-spam programs, web filters, phishing filters, and pop-up blockers. An anti-spam program is a filtering program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches an Inbox or forum. Spam is an unsolicited email message or posting sent too many recipients or forums at once. The content of spam ranges from selling a product or service, to promoting a business opportunity, to advertising offensive material. Spam also may contain links or attachments that contain malware. If an email program does not filter spam, many anti-spam programs are available at no cost on the web CITATION Clark \p 35-37 \l 1033 (Clarck 35-37). Web filtering software is a program that restricts access to certain material on the web. Some restrict access to specific websites; others filter websites that use certain words or phrases. Many businesses use web-filtering software to limit employee’s web access CITATION Fin14 \l 1033 (Finch and Redder). Some schools, libraries, and parents use this software to restrict access to minors. A phishing filter is a program that warns or blocks users from potentially fraudulent or suspicious websites. Phishing is a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking email message that attempts to obtain someone’s personal and/or financial information. Some phishing messages ask people to reply with their information; others direct them to a phony website or a pop-up window that looks like a legitimate website, which then collects their information CITATION Lan14 \l 1033 (Lane). Some browsers include phishing filters. A pop-up blocker is a filtering program that stops popup ads from displaying on webpages. A pop-up ad is an Internet advertisement that suddenly appears in a new window on top of a webpage. Many browsers include a pop-up blocker. People also can download pop-up blockers from the web at no cost CITATION Fin14 \l 1033 (Finch and Redder).

Group dynamics in the business world

Group dynamics in the business world Management Importance Of Understanding Group Dynamics In The Business World The study of two or more persons who are associated to each other by common relations, which form a group, is known as the group dynamics. This is very important in the areas of sociology, psychology, and communication studies. They relate and manipulate each other and build up a variety of dynamic processes which split them from a arbitrary collection of persons. These processes are norm, role, associations, and growth; need to fit in, social power, and effect on conduct. Groups can be categorized as collective such as main, secondary and category group. In an institute growth, the expression group process refers to the perceptive of the behaviors of citizens in groups that are trying to unravel a quandary or formulate a resolution (Drucker, 2007). It is an important feature of successful solidarity and is an aspect affecting the result of any type of an event done by a group. Factors such as influence, power and inter-personal conflict have an effect on dynamics and the performance of a group. Importance Of Understanding Group Dynamics As the team is formed, it is very crucial to be aware of the group in the areas such as; what to do when the team gets mutual for the first time, what to do when a member leaves or someone else joins after the group has matured, what happens when the leader of the group is replaced by a new member or from the team, why the team exists, the kind of relations they have, what if conflict arises among the team members. How Does Positive Interdependence Help To Achieve Mutual Goals? Positive interdependence is the ideal eminence that defines the collaboration and changes group work into solidarity. It is an important characteristic that has been emphasized by scholars alarmed first and foremost with promoting the academic achievement of the students and cognitive growth and also scholars apprehensive with the holistic growth of students simply involve the growth of freedom to select freely and do something free from the outside influence. Thus a great result is experienced within teamwork unlike from an individual since with respect to time and capital, an individual will spend more compared to the team. Are Groups Or Individuals More Effective In Work Environments For groups to become effective in work environments there are various steps that give the guideline to their success. These include: organizing a cross-function team based on the various and types of skill and ability of every member, ascertain clear objectives and boundaries for the team, endow with the team clear power and self-government to systemize their work and achieve their objectives, set a sensible but distinct time frame to achieve their objective in order to inspire and compel the team to results, maintain the team by providing all essential resources to achieve their objective and finally remunerate and identify the team as one and not as persons (Cooper, 1992). Why Is It Said That Research About Groups Is NOT Always Valid And Relevant? This is because the reimbursement of a research is not always definite and may not be felt by the players and is not different to their interests, is a reason of which one must be satisfied. What is group cohesiveness? Is group cohesiveness important? How do group cohesive forces affect group processes? What can you do to increase cohesiveness in your group? Group cohesiveness is how much the members of the team are pulled together to the ideas and views of the team. It is an important aspect as it strengthens the team in terms of growth and maturity and also in marketing strategies not forgetting the behavior of the team. To increase the cohesiveness of the in the group, involve every member in the discussions by giving all an opportunity to air their ideas or views and also organizing some social activity such as games that all members will participate in freely. Engaging the team members in training courses that will add to their skills. This will open up the spirit of many people and create a stronger bond among them thus strengthening the group. How Does Social Influence/Interaction Affect Decision-Making? How Can You Encourage/Promote And Discourage Members Acceptance Of Proposals In The Workplace? Social influence affects the decision making in that a persons attitude can come in between the communication. Attitude in this case is a persons perception toward a thing or an idea or even to another to another person. Are Leaders An Important Aspect Of Groups? Can Leaders Emerge From Groups? How? What Is The Importance Of Group Members Perceptions About Leadership And Why Is This Phenomenon Important As It Pertains To Group Outcomes? Leaders are an important aspect in a group. No group can make a move without a form of leadership. The role of leaders in groups or even organizations is to create and implement ideas and also to push and encourage the members to achieving their goals and objectives. According to Bruce and Pepitone (1998), leaders can emerge from groups of which would be the best step since this particular person will have views the problems from different perceptions that is from the position of been a member and having interacted with them and discussed issues from a personal level, he or she will be able to tackle them and come with solutions that will benefit not only the team but the members as well. Leadership is in due course about creating a technique for people to add to making something bizarre take place. The importance of the members perceptions about leadership is very important as they may make or break the team. Most importantly when the leader happens to hear about the issues, he she will be able to rule in a different direction or support his way of governance (Hamel Breen, 2007). If the members dont like the present leader the team may be facing disaster as they will be performing in protest that they will end up not achieving their goals or producing good results. Leadership is basically making sure the job is completed successfully. Why are teams more effective than work groups in certain situations? Identify these situations where teams are more effective than work group and provide examples. Teams are better performing than groups. this is so because a team is smaller than a group in most cases who have come together with a common goal while a group come together to contribute to a topic on their views and knowledge. Teams necessitate individual and joint accountability whereas groups dont. A teams purpose is in cooperation strong-minded and intended with organization. Teams have the role of leadership distributed among the members of the team, they dedicated in working in harmony to of course achieve the goals and they work by applying all forms of respect to the counterparts this characteristics strengthen they union (Hyman Mason, 1995). Groups are helpful and important to an organization because they can finish critical responsibilities whereas teams are also very important and can work at high levels than distinctive work (Robbins Coulter, 2009). This higher presentation level is the effect of a superior synergy consequential from teamwork and jointly created outputs to a certain extent than a pool of individual output. The more casual environment in which members of a team work, and also which also allow for community of performance to build up ensuing in on-going erudition and creative application, encourages the strength of teams. References Bruce, A., Pepitone, J.S. (1998). Motivating Employees. London: McGraw-Hill. Cooper, R.N (1992). Economic Stabilization and Debt in Developing Countries, 2nd ed., MIT Press, Edinburgh. Drucker, P.F. (2007). Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices. Edinburgh: Transaction Publishers. Hamel, G., Breen, B. (2007). The future of management. Atlanta: Harvard Business Press. Hyman, J., Mason, B. (1995). Managing Employee Involvement and Participation. New York: SAGE. Robbins, S. P., Coulter, M. (2009).Management. (10th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson.

Aquatic Fitness Routine :: Water Aerobics

In order to achieve and maintain the benefits of exercise, an aquatic exercise program must follow the main principles of a workout. It should begin with warm-up stretches on the pool deck, followed by an in-pool aerobic warm-up session. Then the actual conditioning activity begins, consisting of 20 to 30 minutes of vigorous "aerobic" activity. A cool-down period in the pool can end the session, although a toning period is recommended following the cool-down. The following section discusses the aquatic fitness routine in detail. Warm-up Stretches It is very important to include proper warm-up routines before each day's activity. Physiologically, the muscles need to be warmed slowly through increased circulation, and the heart rate needs to be raised gradually. Psychologically, each participant needs to begin to think about the workout and perhaps set some personal goals for the day. Warm-ups are also an important safety precaution. Cold, tight muscles are inefficient for a good workout and may tear with sudden movements. A general idea to keep in mind while structuring a warm-up routine is to try to simulate the movements of the activity to be performed in the main body of the workout. The warm-up should simulate the workout movement but should be of a much lower intensity. Because of the nature of the exercises, they should be performed before entering the pool. A good warm-up should move quickly but thoroughly from the top of the body to the bottom of the body. In lap swimming and aerobic workout, special attention should be given to these areas: shoulder complex, obliques, abdominal, groin, hamstrings, quadriceps, gastrocnemius. Aerobic Warm-up Exercises Once the participants have entered the pool, they need to slowly raise their heart rates and get their body temperatures acclimated to that of the pool. Some fun activities for a good aerobic warm-up are to walk, jog, skip, or hop back and forth the width of the pool. As further variation, participants can do front kicks or skips and hops across the pool width. Finally, long strides, called skiing, can be used across the pool width. There are several fun games, such as musical kick-board, water basketball, and tug of war, that may be appropriate for your group as an aerobic warm-up. These games should be played for approximately 5 minutes as a warm-up activity. Conditioning Activities Circuit Training: Circuit training is a conditioning activity using stations. Different activities are designated for each station to provide a relief from the monotony of lap swimming.

Case Study Analysis: Erp Implementation for Nibco

Unit 6 – Case Study NIBCO’s â€Å"Big Bang†: An SAP Implementation Professor: Richard Yellen Student: Vo Ngo Lan Phuong Course: Ham 23 ID: 217496 Professor: Richard Yellen Student: Vo Ngo Lan Phuong Course: Ham 23 ID: 217496 Hanoi, 11/2012 CASE STUDY Table of Contents I. Overview3 II. NIBCO’s implementation of ERP solution3 III. Pros and Cons of â€Å"BIG-BANG† approach for ERP4 IV. ERP project implementation: lessons and recommendations6 List of Reference9 Case Study – NIBCO’s SAP Application Implementation I. OverviewThe case shows the implementation of SAP ERP solution in NIBCO, a manufacturer of pipe and fittings, a mid-size manufacturer with about 3,000 employees and revenue over 460 million USD. The company has implemented successfully the full package of ERP solution, provided by SAP, the leading solution provider under the consultancy of Boston Consulting Group. NIBCO has gained the success by good management and project team u nderstanding, determination and experiences. The method of implementation of NIBCO for this ERP solution is running all in one day, this brings the company to a quite risky situation if something wrong happens.But the company has run the system successfully, with positive results. The implementation succeeds because of all the planning, personnel, management and the cooperation with application providers and consultants. NIBCO has over 3,000 employees and operates 10 plants, and 17 centers for distribution over US. The databases and information systems are not integrated therefore cannot communicate and collaborate effectively, which causes time and efforts wasting. Also, over the years of development, the business processes change, the information data increase, the old system cannot meet the demands of cross functional operations.With the consultants from BCG, NIBCO has developed a plan for implementation of new ERP system, using professional solution from a leading provider, SAP. The aim of NIBCO is to set up a new, large, integrated information system to replace the old system, connecting and integrating all the IS from factories, plants and distribution centers all over the country. With the initial project duration estimated as over 3-5 years, the management and project team has implemented the whole system in only 18 months, and successfully. II. NIBCO’s implementation of ERP solutionUsing the consultancy services from BCG, the information system of NIBCO was very weak and poor. The system do not support the provision of information for manager timely, did not support process of decision making, especially for functional departments as accounting, purchasing, selling, marketing and customer supports. Due to the lack of real time data sharing the management and manufacturing meets difficulties to improve quality and efficiencies. Over the years of operation, factories and departments have implemented their own modules or application such as order entry, manufacturing, distribution and accounting.Because of the non-systematic application and implementation, in separate factory and department, each user may have their own software, different version, and separate database. Therefore it is difficult to integrate and cooperate among factories and distribution centers. To implement the new system, NIBCO has used professional consultancy services, purchase leading software application from top vendor, and assigned top managers to manage project team, system development, and IS staff for planning, and integrating, designing, installing the new system.Although the BCG determined that there is a need for a change in information system of NIBCO, the current system is â€Å"poor† and needed â€Å"cut loose† to grow the company and become more global. The BCG’s suggestion for three to five years implementation should be too long, somehow, this can cause more cost and efforts for NIBCO than actual need (Brown, 2012, p. 491). III. Pros and Cons of â€Å"BIG-BANG† approach for ERP NIBCO used the approach called â€Å"BIG-BANG† for ERP implementation, or cutover aiming to put the whole information system to run in the same day, at all the factories and distribution centers, especially for common and key modules.All the business units, most of employees will be affected by the new systems at the same time. In fact, the other approach can be doing a pilot implementation at a factory or distribution centers, or only implement for only a few popular units. But this way can cost more time, efforts and cannot test the capability of the whole system. Also, with the investment in consultancy and purchasing the leading solutions from top ERP vendors, the NIBCO aim to get the new system run for all the business unit, and the real time running can also test the performance of the new system, also save cost and time for implementation.Running all at the same time can also help the testing of int egration and cooperation among factories and distribution centers. The big-bang or cut over approach requires the good skilled personnel, and also training for the new systems, working processes and running, maintenance the new system. The productivity was reported a reduction in the first month after the new system running, but improves gradually in the later months. The accounting reports can be done in two or three day, rather than two to three weeks when using the old systems.Also, with the new system, sharing and collaboration helps reduce inventory, as much as 25%, and also increase the fulfillment ratio from 80% to 95%, service quality has improved to 98%. Source: http://www. nibco. com/ The BCG consultants noticed that the legacy environment and databases are out of control, which cause IS and IT staff too busy with fixing the issues more than focusing on developing supporting system for functional activities.The company used professional consultancy services from BCG but do es not follow the suggestion from BGC, the cutover or big-bang approach was implemented because the management leaders do not support multi years plan; also the fund for the project was 17 million USD, and will take one fourth of the company’s members to involve in implementation for the project. The shorter time the project takes, the better and more effective it will be. IV. ERP project implementation: lessons and recommendations 4. 1. Human resource for ERP projectProject was leaded by the CEO, as the project Champion, Rex Martin, who acted as the project leader and project champion. The top manager plays the key role to the ERP project, because this type of project will involve and affect all people and departments and units of company. With CEO in charge, the project will be supported by all the Vice Presidents in decision making and raising the resources for the project. The CEO set up the Executive Leadership Team to act as the screening and monitoring committee, this team plays a key role in managing the project because it help to make sure that all decisions are made at the highest level.The CIO, and also the Vice President, Scott Beutler was responsible for the ERP package, it means that the VP of IT and IS will be responsible for the functionalities of the software application, during process of project. The Information system managers, Gary Wilson, together with all the IS staff (about 30 people), will be involved in project, support the operations and implementation, development, maintenance. The CIO, IS leaders and IT staff will the support of top leaders will play key roles in assessment of ERP packages, testing, demonstration and operating the systems.The key modules of ERP package for NIBCO, SAP R/3, includes: finance, supply chain, material, warehouse management, production planning and management, sales and distribution. Also, the HR module was purchased but will be implemented later. The leaders have played key roles in running the p roject, for example, Beutler manage the business process; Wilson for technology and software packages, and Davis for managing project activities. Because of the scale of project, and it potential effects, one fourth of the company directors have been appointed to the project management board.This shows the commitment of the managers and also provide enough human resource for project to make sure that it can cut time from 3-5 years to 18 months. The participant of leaders and managers will make the project decisions faster and it may be the key reason for shortening the duration of project. 4. 2. Working with solution vendor ERP project requires both software, hardware, networking partners to involve in implementation. NIBCO has selected IBM as third party provider for the system’s infrastructure, SAP as the software solution provider.For the experts and engineer support, NIBCO and partners appoint six consultants for functional and business processes, who work regularly with the project team. Also, the maximum personnel can be raised to as many as 50 consultants at high time. The other personnel are also provided for training, reporting, programming, technical assistance, knowledge management †¦ All the supports are officially stated in the contract with solution providers and partners. In fact, Wilson has an IS department and personnel number up to 30, also he had mainframe application, HP and IBM platforms.The NIBCO has four legacy systems for order entry, manufacturing, distribution and accounting, but the problem is they are bought separately, with separate databases, which make integration difficult or very hard to implement. NIBCO has considered and evaluated seven ERP packages in depth and in details. With the experts and business from functional departments involving in assessment process by testing the modules, from several vendors. They are also sent to visit the previous or typical customers to get the feedbacks from real users.The key c oncern was the finance and supply chain management modules, using the shared database, and should be able to connecting and integrating all the modules together. 4. 3. Project management team The scope of the project is decided for all the factories and distribution centers, the operation was stared on the same day for ten plants and all distribution center. This decision for scope was quite risky but saving time and cost for NIBCO. The project team was released sooner than planned, the productivity was down a little bit but improve gradually, the project cost was a little under budget.All these factors are because of good experience and collaboration in project management. The key to success may be the Tiger triad, which was led by Wilson and Beutler, who was working full time with ERP project. The Martin was added by CEO appointment to joint Beutler and Wilson as a third co-lead project. David with experience in total quality management could help project focus on change managemen t and maintaining quality. 4. 4. Training inside specialist For ERP project, training and technology transfer is key to success.Core knowledge and skills need to be transferred to IS department and all the functional departments for operation and maintenance. Source: http://www. sap. com/solutions/bp/enterprise-resource-planning/solutions-overview. epx Four director leaders and two business system analysis were selected for review roles, working with other leaders from sales and distributions. One fourth or seven out of twenty eight directors of NIBCO have been selected for project as full time. These people must have good business knowledge to see the potential issues and settle conflicts. 4. 5. Project team assignmentThe project managers are assigned for specialized teams, including: sales and distribution, financial, material management, and production management. Each team work together with experts from solution vendor. Business member will consider process, business functions, power users, business process analysis. IS and IT engineers will be responsible for technical sides, including infrastructure, programming, testing, installation and running. Each team has their supporting IBM consultants, with their technical knowledge to that they could make joint decisions, and also transfer the knowledge to NIBCO core team at the same time.Consultants from solution vendor, SAP, also work together with the team. The final project cost was 17 million USD, and one third for infrastructure cost, including the solution software. One anther third for education, team work and the last one third for consulting (Brown, 2012, p. 501). 4. 6. Experience in change management The cutover approach or big-bang implementation of ERP package as NIBCO used requires a good change management in all business functions and department. Because business processes are changed, much or little depends on the nature of business, therefore all the related staff will be affected.Also, the ap plication in wide range, all ten first factories and distribution centers will be affected same day, same time. The key to success of NIBCO implementation can be the careful planning and actions. The analysis and design, communication and management effectively, as well as the good coordination with consultants and vendors’ experts. The support and direction from top management to departments’ heads involving the implementation of ERP can also contribute to the success. Big bang implementation requires change management that was not key strength of IBM.Training was used widely to increase skills and knowledge of users, with 450 different business activities in 15 locations. Open communication by provision of information to project teams, over 1,200 hours of training, over four months before going online or Go Live. The grace period was used for more scenario training, with more focus on business processes. After intensive, effective and serious training, the company co uld be ready to operate R/3 on its own without solution or partners expert working on site. List of Reference 1. Brown, 2012, Information Technology Management – 7th Edition, Prentice Hall

Examine how Miller creates dramatic tension Essay

Examine how Miller creates dramatic tension in the ‘yellow bird’ scene of The Crucible and consider how an audience might react Arthur Miller’s play, ‘The Crucible’, is set in Massachusetts in 1692, where mass hysteria led to the Salem witchcraft trials. The same kind of situation occurred in the1950s resulting in the Anti-Communist frenzy of that time known as McCarthyism. In my essay I intend to examine how Miller creates tension in the Yellow Bird scene by using dramatic effects to engage the audience in the play and keep them engrossed, involved and on the edge of their seats. At the beginning of act three, the mood is set by the stage directions and descriptions. It says, â€Å"the room is empty but for sunlight pouring in through two high windows in the black wall. † It gives the impression of solemnity and depression, and also makes the small room seem claustrophobic so the girls have nowhere to escape. This reflects the stifling society and the situation that the girls have got themselves into. The scene starts after Elizabeth has just lied to the court in order to protect her husband, which is a quiet scene. When the court starts accusing the Proctors, Hale stands up and shifts the blame on to Abigail, as he is the only person except for John Proctor who can see what is going on, apart from the audience who would now start to become a little frustrated. Abigail then creates a diversion by screaming and looking up towards the rafters. The stage directions say, â€Å"with a weird, wild, chilling cry, screams up to the ceiling. † She knows that she is in danger of the truth being exposed and tries to divert the attention from herself. Everyone is now staring at Abigail, the characters and audience not knowing what is going on. Gradually, the other girls join in as they understand what Abigail is doing and they put on a very convincing act to Danforth and the audience, which is very frustrating, as we know that she is guilty and now trying to get away with it. A yellow bird is mentioned and the girls pretend that they can see it on the beams and behind the rafters, while Proctor shouts that there is no yellow bird. Abigail starts to talk to the bird, to ask why it has come, to keep up the pretence of the dramatic situation. Mary’s name is mentioned, Abigail pretending that Mary is possessing the yellow bird as the devil and she screams, â€Å"My face? My face† to the ceiling, making it seem that she is the victim. Mary immediately springs to her feet and protests in shock, pleading Abigail to stop with the deception and to tell the truth. Abigail says that she cannot stop because it is God’s work that she does and this creates even more frustration and hatred towards Abigail from the audience because we know that Mary is innocent and Abigail is such a convincing liar. The other girls pick on the a trance and Mary gets more and more agitated as she cannot defend herself against the large cluster of girls in hysteria. They act like bullies, ganging up on her because she is weak and the tension builds up, as Mary gets more and more distressed. The girls start mimicking Mary, which is a typical playground-bullying device, which is guaranteed to undermine her. Abigail targeted her as she chose to confess and she will do anything to get her way, as she is frightened that Mary would reveal the truth. They then advance further to imitating Mary’s actions – stamping feet and shaking fists, strengthening the tension, and maddening the audience even more with aggravation. When the other girls copy Mary Warren’s actions, there is a lot of movement involved, which intensifies the frustration that the audience are feeling and the girls cannot go back on their decision to follow Abigail as they are all trapped in their own deceit. The audience are unsure whether Mary will give in or not as she is so weak and we already know how manipulating Abigail is. Mary protests and eventually weakens and starts whimpering like a wounded animal as she is overwhelmed by the conviction that she was being possessed by the devil in the form of the yellow bird Abigail conjured up. Danforth bullies Mary into speaking, â€Å"Speak! Will you speak! † and Proctor and Hale try to reveal the truth as the voice of sense. The whole scene climaxes with Mary out screaming all the other girls in pure desperation of them imitating her. This makes all the girls stop in astonishment creating a silence, which contrasts the noisiness with the quietness. Mary goes over to Abigail, who gives a look of triumph, as she finally succeeds in what she set out to do, by manipulating the situation to her advantage. Proctor loses his temper as Mary sides with the other girls in order to get herself out of the troubling situation and she claims John Proctor is the ‘Devils Man’. The audience are in dismay, as we know that Proctor is one of the only decent men and that he is in fact innocent. The scene ends with Proctor losing his temper and chaos starts as Hale tries to make Danforth see sense that Proctor is blameless and Abigail is the malicious one. Hale leaves the court and the scene ends with Danforth shouting to him to come back, leaving a cliffhanger into Act 4. Danforth became hysterical towards the end as a result of the chaos occurring. The continued action through the scene keeps the audience on the edges of their seats and feeling like they are part of the play, which keeps them interested and involved, because they are feeling the emotion and distress as Proctor and Hale are so they feel as though they are going through the dramatic situation with them. The vast amount of action keeps the scene moving and there is always something happening as when ever the situation is diverted, Abigail steps in and takes the Yellow bird to another level. The short, sharp sentences during the scene also contribute largely to the tension building up and everyone is cutting over each other’s sentences, which creates the idea of more chaotic occurrence. The negative words that are used by Abigail and against her create a negative atmosphere, for example. â€Å"I cannot stop! She sees nothing, mustn’t, never, don’t don’t. † Also John Proctor makes references to biblical allusions to stick with religion on the good side to help him get people to believe his innocence, â€Å"God damns all liars†, and â€Å"Angel Raphael† even though he is the one person least likely to be involved in organised religion. Watching this scene made me frustrated and agitated as the situation becomes so out of hand as Abigail puts on such a brilliant act to ensure that the attention is not on Proctor and Hale who are trying to reveal that she was behind all the accusations right from the beginning. This is also how I feel an audience would react as I reacted in that way every time Abigail took the situation to another level and manipulating everyone until she reaches her target of getting Mary Warren on her side and against John Proctor. I really enjoyed the play even though it was a sad ending.

How Harry Potter Changed the World

Communication paper Harry Potter When I was young, I went to school waiting all day to get back to my Super Nintendo and play Ken Griffey Jr baseball. I grew up in a world of technology and awesome gadgets and toys that left me no time to even think about reading. When I was in the 4th grade a book came out that changed my generations view on reading; this book made it cool and fun for kids to read. This book was Harry Potter and twelve years later it is more popular than ever before. Harry Potter is the worlds most popular book series, and some people that it has saved reading (Sperling,1).Harry Potter is also the most successful film series of all time, surpassing Star Wars and the James Bond series (Miller, 1). Harry Potter has had an incredible impact, not only on the younger generations, but on all the generations in our society. In this paper I will argue that Harry Potter is the novel of a generation and sparked social change. The first Harry Potter book came out in 1997 in Eu rope and 1998 in the United States. And since then it has become a multi-billion dollar brand (Watson and Keller, 1). Potter was instantly a hit and our culture caught the Harry Potter craze.People fell in love with the first book; parents claimed that it saved reading(Sperling,1). Harry Potter changed the priority of millions of children; instead of rushing home to play video games or watch TV, kids were sitting on the steps of their schools reading Harry Potter. All one needs to do is look at the numbers, and you will see the amount of impact that Harry Potter has had on the world let alone Americas culture. The Harry Potter series has sold more than 325 million copies worldwide in more than 90 countries (BBC,1).The Harry Potter movie’s have continuously grossed more than 500 million dollars. Popularity is not everything, but people love Harry Potter and there is a lot more to the books than just a terrific story. Many people look into the stories and see how these books co uld shape our culture. Many parents and religious leaders wanted Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone banned because they said that the book opened up children’ s minds to the occult and other thing that would push them away from God (Barbra, 1). The first Harry Potter book opened people up power that had not been seen since Huckleberry Fin.The book had turned into something bigger than just another children’s book, the book had started a cultural debate. Harry Potter is literary genius and brought countless of kids to reading, and still people felt that it was from the Devil and was actually harming kids. These debates made it to the news, and they were discussed among many parents. This book started off with a cultural bang, and laid the landscape for what would become the great debate of Harry Potter. The Harry Potter phenomenon sparked a conversation that not many books have sparked.How much power should a novel have on the choices that children make (O‘ Brie n, 1)? There are many people who believe that Harry Potter is having a persuasive negative effect on our younger generation. These people believe that Harry Potter is clouding our younger generations ability to decipher between good and evil (O’ Brien, 1). Some of the accusations that have been brought against Harry Potter seem pretty ridiculous to me, but you have to respect the fact that many people in this world feel that Harry Potter is a bad influence. Harry Potter has sparked a debate over if the book is good or bad for our culture.Most of these groups that believe that Harry Potter has a negative effect on our society are religious groups. Religious groups have a fear that the youth of this generation will look at the Harry Potter books instead of the Bible. This is the perfect example to show that Harry Potter is culturally relevant and changing the way people view books and their impact on society. There are many groups that have taken a more positive light on the Ha rry Potter books. These groups take the Harry Potter message just as seriously as the religious groups but they see these books as a spark to positive social change.The Harry Potter Alliance is one of the names of the groups that seek to bring positive change in the name of Potter. Don’t let the name fool you, these groups are serious about bringing change. The vision statement of the Harry Potter Alliance is: â€Å"Just as Dumbledore’s Army wakes the world up to Voldemort’s return, works for equal rights of house elves and werewolves, and empowers its members, we: Work with partner NGO’s to alerting the world to the dangers of global warming, poverty, and genocide. Work with our partners for equal rights regardless, of race, gender and sexuality.Encourage our members to hone the magic of their creativity in endeavoring to make the word a better place. Join our army to make the world a safer, more magical place, and let your voice be heard. (Belser, 1)â €  This quote gives you a glimpse into the seriousness of the Harry Potter Alliance. This group is putting their mission statement into action. When Haiti was struck by the awful earthquake in January the HPA raised 123,000 dollars in two weeks (Belser, 1). The HPA has also donated more than 55,000 books since 2009 (Belser, 1).This organization is striving for change, and this group was founded on principles that were learned from the Harry Potter books. A novel has changed the way people look at the world. JK Rowling may not have meant to follow in the footsteps of Charles Dickens and his story A Christmas Carol, but she has. She has opened the minds of many different cultures and sparked social change. The Harry Potter Alliance is an extreme example of how Harry Potter has opened the minds of its readers, but there are many more subtle ways on how Harry Potter has changed its readers.Harry Potter teaches its readers about true friendship, loyalty, hope, and standing up for what you believe in. Those are qualities that most parents want for their children and those are the qualities that Harry Potter is teaching our younger generation. Harry Potter has changed American culture. One might argue that Harry Potter is just a book and books cannot change the culture it is the people who read the book that change the culture. That would demean the power that the novel has.There is a power that Harry Potter has and it is hard to deny it. Harry Potter is a phenomenon because it was able to catch the attention of a generation that many people feared were straying away from literature. Potter reached a culture that was all about the media for entertainment, there was a fear that novels were a dying breed. The Power of Potter proved that kids of the 21st century could still be moved by literature. That’s why Harry Potter is the book of a generation. Harry Potter has sparked a social change and brought a love for literature

Nuisance and Tresspass Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nuisance and Tresspass - Essay Example This has caused David and his family to lose sleep through noise from the factory operations and noise from wagons coming to and leaving the factory. This is the background situation in this case where recent developments like the winning of many contracts for Harrington & Nephew Company has resulted in interference with the normal life for David and his family. David’s family has suffered a lot of harm from these recent developments. They include The rose tree that they were given on the day of their wedding has dried up. David’s wife has developed an allergy due to the dust that is emitted fro the factory. David’s family cannot sleep due to the noise that never ends day and night. The paintwork on David’s car has been destroyed because of the chemical smuts emitted from the factory’s chimney. As a result of the happenings described above, Wally, David’s son has stormed the factory and goes around searching for the manager so that he may giv e him apiece of his mind. Finding that the manager absent, he causes chaos and in the process a window breaks. The secretary insists that he leaves the factory but he defies. This paper is going to look at the liabilities that the construction company may have to David and his family and whether there may be any defences or remedies for the same. It is also going to explore whether the company may have any case against the family. The major concerns of the paper will be nuisance and trespass. After having explored what these two entail, we will advise Harrington & Nephew on any liabilities that they may have on David’s family. Nuisance Nuisance can be classified into either private or public. Private nuisance is committed where one person who is usually the defendant substantially and unreasonably interferes with another person’s right to use and enjoyment of their land. In our case, this is what happening to David’s family. Unlike trespass, interference can amo unt to a private nuisance even if it is not direct or intentional. A person’s use and enjoyment of their land might be interfered with by things such as dust, noise or vibration (Lemmon V. Webb (1894)). However, claims relating to an interference with privacy do not amount to nuisance as only Complaints about ordinary and reasonable uses of land are held viable. Private nuisance is therefore not available where the land is used for a particularly sensitive purpose or the one claiming to be affected is usually sensitive. In order to determine whether the interference is substantial and unreasonabl

Today's malware is much more sinister Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Today's malware is much more sinister - Essay Example This paper shall discuss malware and their current impact on private and public affairs, including the fact that the current malware is considered more sinister. A description of malware shall first be established followed by their current impact on society. A more critical analysis of the extent of their impact in relation to their original usage will also be presented. This article is being carried out in order to clarify the purpose and impact of malware, most especially the current forms of malware which has infiltrated the computer world. Malware is generally considered a nuisance to the digital and electronic community. This software comes in the form of codes, scripts, as well as other software (Skoudis and Zeltzer, 2004). It also includes various forms of hostile or intrusive software (Skoudis and Zeltzer, 2004). It also includes computer viruses, worms, spywares, adwares, Trojan horses, as well as other dangerous and damaging programs (Skoudis and Zeltzer, 2004). Legally, they are considered as computer contaminants. They are however not within the same category as defective programs which are programs often utilized for valid purposes but which contain bugs or problems which were not resolved before the release of the software (Aquilina, et.al., 2008). This is not to say however that some forms of malware may not take on the appearance of legitimate software because it may happen that some malware may seem legitimate, however in actuality, they may actually contain tracking software which may be used to gain mar keting data (Yin and Song, 2003). Malware has also led to the increase in the use of protective software, including anti-virus, anti-malware, and firewalls (Yin and Song, 2003). These programs have mostly been applied by individual as well as corporate consumers in order to prevent the illegal access of their system